Migraine is a neurological condition that can cause recurrent headache attacks and other symptoms such as nausea or sensitivity to light and sound. It is more than “just a bad headache,” though severity varies widely between people.
This article offers general education. It cannot diagnose your symptoms or prescribe treatment. Personal plans require clinical assessment.
Common features of a migraine attack
Moderate to severe head pain, often throbbing, sometimes one-sided
Nausea or vomiting in some attacks
Sensitivity to light, sound, or smells
Aura symptoms in some people, such as visual changes before pain
Need to rest in a quiet, dark space during severe attacks
What evaluation may involve
A neurologist reviews your attack pattern, associated symptoms, medicines, sleep, and medical background, then examines you. Imaging or other tests are used selectively when the history or examination raises specific concerns—not for every migraine.
When to seek urgent care
Is migraine the same as a tension headache?
Not always. Migraine often includes nausea or light/sound sensitivity and can be more disabling. A clinician distinguishes patterns after history and examination.
Do I need a brain scan for migraine?
Not routinely. Imaging is considered when warning features or an atypical course suggest it may change management.
Can lifestyle changes help?
Regular sleep, meal patterns, hydration, and trigger awareness help some people, but they do not guarantee fewer attacks. Plans should be individual.
When should I see a neurologist?
Consider specialist review for frequent, severe, or changing attacks, unclear diagnosis, or when everyday function is significantly affected.
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Author and medical reviewer
Dr. Amjad Iqbal
Consultant Neurologist
Dr. Amjad Iqbal provides evidence-based assessment and treatment for conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles, with a focus on clear guidance and compassionate follow-up.
Qualifications
MBBS • FCPS Medicine • FCPS Neurology • MRCP (UK)
Areas of expertise: Headache and migraine, Stroke, Epilepsy, Memory disorders, Movement disorders, Neuromuscular conditions.
